Topic 62 of

LTV Calculator: Calculate Customer Lifetime Value

Is a ₹2,000 CAC too high or too low? This calculator tells you by measuring customer lifetime value (LTV) and the critical LTV/CAC ratio that determines profitability.

📚Beginner
⏱️6 min
5 quizzes
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Why Calculate Customer Lifetime Value?

Customer Lifetime Value (LTV) tells you how much a customer is worth over their entire relationship with your business.

The Problem Without LTV

Scenario: You spend ₹50 Lakh on Facebook Ads and acquire 5,000 customers.

Question: Is ₹1,000 CAC (Cost per Acquisition) good or bad?

Without LTV: Can't tell. You know cost (₹1,000) but not value (how much customer generates).

With LTV: If LTV = ₹4,500, LTV/CAC = 4.5× (excellent). If LTV = ₹800, LTV/CAC = 0.8× (losing money).


What This Calculator Measures

1. Customer Lifetime Value (LTV):

LTV = Average Order Value × Purchase Frequency × Customer Lifespan × Gross Margin Example: AOV: ₹1,200 Frequency: 6 orders/year Lifespan: 3 years Margin: 30% LTV = ₹1,200 × 6 × 3 × 0.30 = ₹6,480

2. LTV/CAC Ratio:

LTV/CAC = Customer Lifetime Value / Customer Acquisition Cost If LTV = ₹6,480 and CAC = ₹1,500: LTV/CAC = 4.3× (excellent — earning ₹4.30 for every ₹1 spent)

3. Payback Period:

Payback Period = CAC / (Annual Revenue per Customer × Margin) Annual revenue = ₹1,200 × 6 = ₹7,200 Annual profit = ₹7,200 × 0.30 = ₹2,160 Payback = ₹1,500 / ₹2,160 = 0.69 years ≈ 8.3 months

When to Use This Calculator

Use Cases:

  • Marketing budget planning: Determine max CAC for profitable acquisition
  • Channel evaluation: Compare LTV across Google Ads, Facebook, Organic
  • Pricing strategy: Model impact of price changes on LTV
  • Retention optimization: Quantify value of reducing churn
  • Investor pitch: Demonstrate unit economics (LTV/CAC ratio)

Example — E-commerce Startup:

Current situation: AOV: ₹800 Frequency: 3 orders/year Lifespan: 2 years Margin: 25% → LTV = ₹1,200 CAC: ₹1,000 → LTV/CAC = 1.2× (marginal, need improvement) Strategy test with calculator: Option A: Increase AOV to ₹1,000 (cross-sell) → LTV = ₹1,500 (LTV/CAC = 1.5×) Option B: Increase frequency to 4 orders/year (loyalty) → LTV = ₹1,600 (LTV/CAC = 1.6×) Option C: Increase lifespan to 3 years (reduce churn) → LTV = ₹1,800 (LTV/CAC = 1.8×) Best strategy: Option C (reduce churn) — highest LTV impact
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LTV Calculator

LTV Calculator

Calculator functionality coming soon...

How to Use This Calculator

Step 1: Enter Average Order Value (AOV)

  • Revenue per transaction (before costs)
  • Example: If customer spends ₹1,200 per order → AOV = ₹1,200

Step 2: Enter Purchase Frequency

  • Orders per year (can use decimals)
  • Example: 6 orders/year = 0.5 orders/month

Step 3: Enter Customer Lifespan

  • Years customer stays active
  • Example: Average customer stays 2.5 years

Step 4: Enter Gross Margin (%)

  • Profit % after COGS (Cost of Goods Sold)
  • Example: ₹1,000 revenue, ₹700 COGS → 30% margin

Step 5: Enter Customer Acquisition Cost (CAC) — Optional

  • Total marketing spend / new customers acquired
  • Example: ₹10 Lakh ads / 1,000 customers = ₹1,000 CAC

Step 6: Read Results

  • LTV: Total profit per customer over lifespan
  • LTV/CAC Ratio: ROI on customer acquisition
  • Payback Period: Months to recover CAC
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Interpreting Your Results

LTV/CAC Ratio Benchmarks

| Ratio | Status | Action | |-------|--------|--------| | < 1× | 🔴 Unsustainable | Losing money on every customer — fix immediately (reduce CAC or increase LTV) | | 1-2× | 🟡 Marginal | Barely profitable — optimize retention before scaling | | | 🟢 Good | Industry standard — can scale acquisition | | 5×+ | ✅ Excellent | Strong unit economics — scale aggressively | | 10×+ | 🚀 Outstanding | Exceptional (rare) — unicorn-level metrics |


Payback Period Benchmarks

| Payback | Status | Implication | |---------|--------|-------------| | < 6 months | ✅ Excellent | Fast capital recovery — easy to finance growth | | 6-12 months | 🟢 Good | Industry standard for most businesses | | 12-18 months | 🟡 Acceptable | Manageable but tight cash flow | | > 18 months | 🔴 Risky | Long capital lockup — growth constrained |

Example:

If LTV = ₹6,000, CAC = ₹1,500, Annual Profit = ₹2,000: Payback = ₹1,500 / ₹2,000 = 0.75 years = 9 months (Good) Means: Takes 9 months of customer revenue to recover ₹1,500 acquisition cost After 9 months, remaining 27 months are pure profit (₹4,500)

Industry-Specific Benchmarks

E-commerce:

LTV/CAC: 3-5× Payback: 6-12 months Typical LTV: ₹5,000-15,000 (fashion/electronics) Typical CAC: ₹1,000-3,000

SaaS (B2B):

LTV/CAC: 3-5× Payback: 12-18 months (longer sales cycle) Typical LTV: $10,000-50,000 (3-5 year contracts) Typical CAC: $3,000-10,000

Food Delivery:

LTV/CAC: 10-20× (high frequency) Payback: 1-3 months (fast payback) Typical LTV: ₹20,000-40,000 (2-3 years) Typical CAC: ₹1,000-2,000

Subscription (OTT):

LTV/CAC: 4-6× Payback: 6-12 months Typical LTV: ₹5,000-8,000 (2-3 years at ₹200/month) Typical CAC: ₹1,000-1,500

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